Insights & Resources
Insights & Resources
Technical guides, industry analysis, and project updates from the EFI team.
Finding a Leak in an Installed Floating Cover
Electrical leak location finds pinholes in a liner. On a floating cover it finds nothing, because air above the membrane carries no survey current.
The pH Behind the H2S Number: Why the Same Sulfide Reads Differently at the Flare
Two covered lagoons with identical sulfur loading can read 1,200 ppm and 4,000 ppm at the flare.
Vacuum Under a Floating Cover: Air Intrusion and the Low Side of Pressure Control
A gas-tight floating cover operates within a few inches of water column of atmospheric pressure. The blower pulling gas off it can develop ten times that.
When the Air Stops: H2S Rebound and Recovery in Micro-Aerated Lagoons
H2S treatment on a micro-aerated lagoon is a bacterial film on the underside of the cover and inside the gas piping. When the air feed stops, sulfide generation does not, and the gas number climbs back far faster than the biology recovers.
Biogas Flow Measurement: Wet Gas, Standard Conditions, and the Number You Get Paid On
Biogas leaving a covered lagoon at 95 degrees is about 5.5 percent water vapor. Cool it to 60 degrees in a buried header and roughly 22 gallons a day per 100,000 standard cubic feet drop out as liquid. The meter upstream and the meter downstream will disagree, and both of them are right.
Floating Covers in Winter: Snow Load, Ice, and Frozen Condensate
Twelve inches of settled snow on a two acre floating cover weighs about 680 tons, and the cover carries none of it in bending. It carries it by sinking.
Where the Sulfur Goes After Micro-Aeration
A covered lagoon making 100,000 scf of biogas a day at 3,000 ppm H2S carries about 25 pounds of sulfur a day out of the basin.
Sludge in a Covered Lagoon: Plan the Removal Before the Cover Goes On
On the agricultural lagoon closures EFI has run, accumulated sludge commonly measures 20 to 40 percent of total basin volume.
Grupo Hame Olmeca III: Digester Covers for Palm Oil Mill Effluent
EFI's historical Olmeca III case study documents covers and a biogas system for two digesters at Grupo Hame's palm oil mill in Guatemala.
How a Gas-Tight Cover Turns an Existing Anaerobic Lagoon Into a Biogas Capture System
An anaerobic lagoon already produces biogas before any cover exists, and a gas-tight cover exists to capture that gas rather than let it vent to the atmosphere.
Floating Covers for Evaporation Control and Water Conservation
An open reservoir in a dry climate can lose several feet of water a year to evaporation.
Designing a Staged H2S Removal Train for Biogas Systems
Raw biogas rarely reaches its end-use specification in a single H2S removal step.
Biogas H2S Limits by End Use: Setting the Right Treatment Target
The hydrogen sulfide a biogas stream can carry before it causes damage depends entirely on where the gas is going. Confirming the end use first is what sets the right treatment target and the right system design.
EFI USA and EC Applications Announce Strategic Merger to Expand Environmental Construction and Containment Capabilities
EFI USA and EC Applications have merged to form a comprehensive environmental containment company, effective June 8, 2026, with both brands retained.
Lagoon Liner and Cover Site Conditions: What Owners Should Document Before Design
Lagoon liner and cover projects are shaped by site conditions, so documenting geometry, access, liquid levels, and constraints improves design accuracy.
Perdue Farms Lewiston: Poultry Wastewater Biogas Lessons
The Perdue Farms Lewiston project shows how poultry wastewater becomes a complete biogas system, uniting cover design, flare capacity, and H2S control.
Fessenden Dairy and Creek Acres: Covered Lagoon Lessons From New York
Fessenden Dairy and Creek Acres show why covered lagoon digesters are construction projects first, where the cover, ballast, and gas collection act as one.
How to Qualify a Geosynthetics Contractor Before an RFQ
Before issuing a geosynthetics RFQ, owners should qualify the contractor on experience, quality control, site conditions, documentation, and schedule.
Wastewater Lagoon Covers: Design Details That Determine Long Term Performance
Wastewater lagoon cover design goes beyond a sheet of geomembrane, since anchoring, stormwater control, and gas handling drive long term performance.
Landfill Cap and Containment Construction: What the Project Process Looks Like
Landfill cap and containment construction involves dozens of decisions, and this guide walks the process from site assessment through final certification.
Municipal Lagoon Liner Replacement: Lessons from Three Decades of Installations
Municipal lagoon liner replacement is far more than an overlay job, and three decades of EFI installations reveal what separates success from problems.
Winery Wastewater Containment: Challenges, Regulations, and Liner System Solutions
Winery wastewater containment must handle high strength, seasonal, and chemically aggressive flows, and standard lagoon designs often underperform here.
Biogas Pond Covers: Design Considerations, Materials, and Installation Realities
A biogas pond cover is only as good as its engineering, where pond geometry, gas collection layout, and material choice decide how long it performs.
From Hog Farmer Magazine to Santee Cooper Media Day: 30 Years of EFI in the Press
EFI media coverage spans National Hog Farmer, IFAI publications, and Santee Cooper events, tracing how the company evolved with the biogas industry.
The True Cost of Lagoon Downtime During Liner Replacement
Lagoon downtime during liner replacement often outweighs the construction itself, and planning for offline time is key to managing the true impact.
How Major Food Processors Are Scaling Biogas Capture: JBS, Tyson, Pilgrims, and Darling
Major food processors are scaling biogas capture from wastewater lagoons, and EFI work with JBS, Tyson, Pilgrims, and Darling shows the approach.
Carbon Clusters: How Small Dairy Farms Access Carbon Credit Markets Through Geographic Aggregation
Carbon clusters let small dairy farms reach carbon credit markets by aggregating sites across a region so verification economics finally work.
International Biogas Projects: Comparing Documented Installation Scope
La Joya, El Capricho and Olmeca show why a biogas reference should identify the site, contractor scope, material and basis of each performance figure.
Baffle Curtain Systems: The Overlooked Technology That Transforms Lagoon Treatment Performance
Baffle curtain systems extend effective hydraulic retention time in lagoons without expanding the footprint or adding mechanical equipment.
NYSERDA and Beyond: State Incentive Programs That Make Biogas Projects Pencil
State incentive programs like NYSERDA grants, tax credits, and USDA REAP funding can stack to make biogas projects pencil, and EFI has navigated each.
H2S Corrosion in Biogas Infrastructure: Identifying Damage Before It Becomes Downtime
H2S corrosion attacks steel piping, flare burners, and instrumentation in biogas systems, so spotting early damage prevents an emergency shutdown.
O2 Injection ROI: How Micro-Aeration Cuts H2S Treatment Costs
Oxygen injection through micro-aeration cuts H2S treatment costs, replacing chemical scrubbing with a reliable biological process across biogas systems.
Continuous H2S Monitoring in Biogas Systems: Sensor Selection, Placement, and What the Data Actually Tells You
Continuous H2S monitoring reveals patterns that handheld spot checks miss in biogas operations, preventing equipment damage before it starts.
Covered Lagoon Digester Economics: What Drives Project ROI
Covered lagoon digester economics hinge on a few variables measurable before construction, and this guide shows whether a project pencils out for you.
Beyond Dairy: How EFI's 2025-2026 Pipeline Reflects a Diversifying Biogas Market
EFI project pipeline data shows a biogas market diversifying beyond dairy into municipal water, food processing, mining, and industrial wastewater.
EPA Enforcement Trends for Agricultural Waste Lagoons: What Operators Need to Know in 2026
EPA enforcement at agricultural waste lagoons is rising into 2026, and operators should know the current priorities, common violations, and how to comply.
Where to Find EFI in 2026: Conference Schedule and Industry Engagement
EFI keeps an active presence at major biogas, agriculture, and environmental conferences across North America. Here is where to find the team in 2026.
Due Diligence for Biodigester Acquisitions: What to Inspect Before You Buy
Due diligence for biodigester acquisitions demands a rigorous inspection framework, covering both digester and landfill gas assets before you buy.
CARB Cap-and-Trade for Livestock: How the Compliance Offset Protocol.
California's cap-and-trade program includes a Compliance Offset Protocol specifically for livestock methane projects.
Mixing Systems for Covered Lagoon Digesters: Design, Selection, and Performance Impact
Mixing systems for covered lagoon digesters can meaningfully boost biogas output, and EFI field data guides mixer selection for this critical component.
Inside the EPA AgStar Partnership: What It Means for Livestock Methane Projects
The EPA AgStar program runs the national livestock digester database, and EFI contributes operational data from hundreds of biogas systems.
When to Repair vs. Replace: Managing Covered Lagoon Systems
Plan lagoon cover repairs or replacement from documented condition, repairability and site constraints. Use an inspection record and a complete scope.
Micro-Aeration for H2S Control: Why Dosing Precision Determines System Success
Micro-aeration for H2S control hinges on dosing precision, since too little leaves H2S high and too much dilutes biogas and creates explosion risk.
EFI’s CDM Project History: Reading the Olmeca Record
The Olmeca III record separates EFI’s installation scope, forecast emission reductions, and carbon-credit issuance documented by the UNFCCC.
Pipe Penetration Sealing in Geomembrane Liner Systems: Methods and Best Practices
Pipe penetrations are the most common failure point in geomembrane liners, and this guide covers boot seal design, welding, and leak testing protocols.
Agricultural Methane Emissions: The 80x Climate Multiplier Hiding in Plain Sight
Methane from livestock and food processing is up to 80 times more potent than CO2, and cap-and-flare technology offers the fastest path to destruction.
Floating Cover Inspection and Maintenance: A Complete Guide
Floating cover inspection and maintenance protect a long service life, covering visual checklists, common failure modes, and the repair-or-replace call.
Understanding ASTM D6693: Tensile Properties of Geomembranes
ASTM D6693 is the standard test method for tensile properties of geomembranes, and this guide explains the procedure, spec sheets, and field results.
The Cap-and-Flare Revenue Share Model, Explained
EFI's cap-and-flare model eliminates upfront costs for waste generators while delivering shared carbon credit revenue.
Carbon Credit Pricing for Methane Destruction in 2026: What You Need to Know
Carbon credit pricing for methane destruction is gaining ground over RNG credits in 2026 as voluntary and compliance markets continue to mature.
Electrical Leak Location (ELL) Testing for Installed Geomembrane Liners
Electrical leak location testing is the most reliable way to find defects in installed geomembrane liners, from water lance to dipole and arc methods.
Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL) vs Compacted Clay Liner: Which Is Right for Your Project?
Choosing a geosynthetic clay liner versus a compacted clay liner affects cost, schedule, and performance across permeability and installation factors.
Lagoon Decommissioning: Steps, Costs, and Environmental Requirements
Lagoon decommissioning involves far more than draining and filling, spanning assessment, permitting, sludge removal, liner disposition, and final closure.
Why Destructive Seam Testing Is the Gold Standard for Geomembrane Quality
Destructive seam testing is the most reliable way to verify geomembrane weld integrity, and EFI tests frequently to ensure long-term containment.
Secondary Containment Liner Requirements: A Guide for Fuel, Chemical, and Industrial Facilities
Secondary containment liners are required for fuel, chemical, and industrial sites, and this guide covers EPA rules, material selection, and design.
Food Processing Wastewater: The Compliance Challenges Lagoon Operators Can No Longer Ignore
Food processing wastewater compliance is tightening through stricter NPDES permits and BOD limits, and covered lagoons address odor, methane, and rules.
State Methane Regulations for Agricultural Operations: What Operators Need to Know in 2026
State methane regulations now drive agricultural compliance, and this state by state overview shows how voluntary destruction becomes a competitive edge.
Brewery and Distillery Wastewater Containment: Lagoon Design for High-Strength Effluent
Brewery and distillery wastewater containment relies on purpose-built lagoons with proper liner selection and floating covers to solve compliance and odor.
UV Resistance and Stabilization in Geomembranes: Material Science for Long-Term Performance
UV degradation is the leading cause of premature geomembrane failure, so carbon black loading, HALS stabilizers, and UV testing set how long liners last.
Methane Super-Emitter Detection in Agriculture: Satellites, Flyovers, and Why Cap-and-Flare Is Insurance
Methane super-emitter detection from satellites and EPA flyovers is making farm emissions visible from space, so cap and flare is becoming cheap insurance.
Remote Monitoring Technology for Covered Lagoon Digesters: From Sensors to Cloud Dashboards
Remote monitoring for covered lagoon digesters combines field sensors, SCADA, and cloud dashboards for real time visibility into every system EFI runs.
EFI at Kennedy Space Center: Geosynthetic Liners for NASA's Launch Complex
When NASA needed geosynthetic liners at Kennedy Space Center, they called EFI. Here is what it takes to meet federal standards at the launch complex.
Gas-Tight vs. Permeable Lagoon Covers: When to Use Each
Gas-tight covers capture biogas for destruction or energy recovery while permeable lagoon covers control odor and algae. Here is how to choose.
NPDES Permit Compliance for Industrial Lagoon Operators
NPDES permit compliance governs every discharge from an industrial lagoon, and proper liner systems help prevent monitoring violations before they start.
Financing Options for Waste-to-Energy and Methane Destruction Projects
Waste-to-energy and methane destruction financing spans third party ownership, USDA REAP grants, and carbon credit pre-sales, and this guide explains each.
Anchor Trench Design for Geomembrane Systems: Types, Sizing, and Common Mistakes
Anchor trench design is the most overlooked detail in geomembrane systems, where the wrong type, depth, or backfill causes pullout and wind damage.
Carbon Credit Aggregation for Small Farms: How Clustering Makes Methane Destruction Viable
Carbon credit aggregation clusters multiple small farms under a single project, making methane destruction economically viable for small operations.
Ethanol Plant Containment Requirements: Secondary Containment, Liners, and EPA Compliance
Ethanol plant containment requirements cover feedstock storage, stillage ponds, and process water lagoons, and the right liners help avoid violations.
RPP Liner Applications: When Reinforced Polypropylene Is the Right Choice
RPP reinforced polypropylene liners fill a niche HDPE and LLDPE cannot, offering UV resistance, flexibility, and weldability for ponds and aquaculture.
2026 Agricultural Methane Regulations: What Farmers Need to Know
Agricultural methane regulations are shifting fast in 2026, from EPA programs to expanded state rules, and farmers need to know how to stay compliant.
Swine Farm Environmental Technology: Modern Waste Management Solutions
Swine farm environmental technology tackles lagoon management, nutrient overloading, and odor, from covered lagoons to modern nutrient recovery solutions.
Cap-and-Flare vs RNG: Which Makes Economic Sense?
A financial comparison of cap-and-flare methane destruction versus RNG construction, covering payback timelines and risk-adjusted returns from projects.
What Is a Covered Lagoon Digester? A Complete Guide
A covered lagoon digester captures methane from agricultural and industrial wastewater lagoons, and this guide explains how they work and where they fit.
Carbon Credit Market Trends: What Dairy and Livestock Operators Should Know in 2026
Carbon credit market trends are shifting fast for dairy and livestock operators, with LCFS movement and voluntary market dynamics shaping 2026.
Geosynthetic Liner QA: Destructive Testing & CQA
Quality assurance separates a liner that lasts decades from one that fails early, and this guide details EFI QA protocols from seam testing to documentation.
Poultry Farm Environmental Compliance: Wastewater and Containment
Poultry operations face specific environmental compliance requirements for wastewater management, litter storage, and lagoon containment.
How Dairy Farms Earn Carbon Credits from Methane Destruction
Dairy farms can earn carbon credits by destroying methane from manure lagoons. Here is how the credit system works and which protocols apply.
HDPE vs LLDPE Liners: Which Is Right for Your Project?
HDPE vs LLDPE liners differ in flexibility, chemical exposure, and installation conditions, and this guide breaks down how to choose the right one.
How Zero-Cost Methane Destruction Works for Farm Operators
Zero-cost methane destruction lets farm operators install systems with no upfront capital, and this guide explains the funding and revenue share model.
Dairy Methane Reduction: A Complete Compliance Guide for 2026
Dairy methane reduction now spans complex state and federal rules, and this guide breaks down SB 1383, CARB requirements, and EPA NSPS OOOOb for 2026.
EPA Methane Regulations: What Farm Operators Need to Know in 2026
Federal and state methane regulations are tightening rapidly. This guide covers the current regulatory landscape for agricultural methane emissions.
Swine Farm Methane Capture: Regulations, Systems & ROI
Swine farm methane capture meets rising pressure to manage lagoon emissions, and covered lagoon digesters offer a proven path to compliance and credits.
Biogas System Maintenance Checklist: Annual Inspection Guide
This biogas system maintenance checklist covers cover integrity, gas collection piping, flares, H2S monitoring, and condensate management for operators.
How Much Does a Lagoon Cover Cost? Pricing Guide for 2026
Lagoon cover pricing varies with size, material, and application complexity, and this guide explains the factors that shape it across real installations.
Biogas Flare System Requirements & Sizing Guide
Sizing a biogas flare system means matching destruction capacity to expected gas flows while meeting emission limits across flare types and methods.
EPA NSPS OOOOb: What Farm Operators Need to Know About New Methane Rules
EPA NSPS OOOOb extends federal methane monitoring to agricultural sources for the first time, and this guide explains who is affected and the timeline.
Dairy Biogas Capture: From Waste to Value
Dairy farms produce enormous methane from manure lagoons, and capturing that biogas is both an environmental imperative and a financial opportunity.
Biogas Flaring vs Energy Recovery: Which Path Is Right?
Not every biogas project should be an energy project. Flaring, genset electricity, and RNG upgrading each serve different economic and regulatory objectives.
Landfill Liner Systems: Double-Lined Design, Materials & Installation
Landfill liner systems use multiple geosynthetic layers to protect groundwater, and this guide explains double lined design, materials, and leak detection.
Stormwater Containment Solutions: Geosynthetic Liner Applications
Stormwater containment is a regulatory requirement for many sites, and geosynthetic liners in retention ponds and basins provide reliable protection.
Baffle Curtains in Lagoon Treatment: Improving Contact Time & Nutrient Removal
Baffle curtains turn a single-cell lagoon into a multi-pass treatment system, improving hydraulic retention time without building more lagoons.
ROI of Methane Capture on Dairy Farms: Real Numbers from 500+ Projects
Data from over 500 methane destruction installations shows the real ROI behind dairy farm methane capture, from return ranges to typical payback periods.
How to Reduce H2S in Lagoon Biogas: O2 Injection Explained
Reducing H2S in lagoon biogas protects equipment and safety, and oxygen injection offers a low cost biological alternative to chemical scrubbers.
Winter Geosynthetic Liner Installation: Best Practices for Cold Weather
Winter liner installation demands adjusted techniques and stricter quality control, covering HDPE welding, thermal contraction, and project scheduling.
Anaerobic Digester vs Covered Lagoon: Complete Comparison Guide
Choosing between a CSTR anaerobic digester and a covered lagoon digester shapes the cost, complexity, and performance of a biogas project.
Lagoon Odor Control: Floating Covers and Other Solutions
Lagoon odor control protects against complaints and regulatory action, and floating geomembrane covers eliminate surface emissions while capturing biogas.
Methane Destruction vs RNG: Which Makes More Sense?
Methane destruction vs RNG comes down to risk and returns, and after RNG writedowns and stranded assets, simple destruction is the smarter play.
Wastewater Lagoon Covers: Odor Control, Algae Prevention & Gas Capture
Wastewater lagoon covers deliver odor control, algae prevention, biogas capture, and compliance at once, and this guide helps you pick the right type.
LCFS Pathway Certification for Dairy Biogas: A Step-by-Step Guide
LCFS pathway certification unlocks high value carbon credit revenue for dairy biogas, and this guide walks the process from CI scoring to CARB approval.
Permeable vs Impermeable Floating Covers: Choosing the Right System
Permeable vs impermeable floating covers serve different applications, and this guide explains the differences, including EFI's 3R foam cover.
How Long Do Geosynthetic Liners Last? Lifespan and Maintenance Guide
HDPE geosynthetic liners can deliver decades of reliable containment, and this guide covers lifespan factors, degradation mechanisms, and maintenance.
Poultry Wastewater Treatment: Lagoon Cover & Liner Solutions
Poultry wastewater treatment handles some of the highest strength effluent in food processing, and covered lagoon systems deliver odor control and biogas.
Landfill Gas Collection Systems: Design, Installation, and Operations
Landfill gas collection systems are federally required at most large sites, and this guide covers design, well installation, efficiency, and NSPS rules.
Geomembrane Material Selection: HDPE vs LLDPE vs PVC vs RPP
Compare HDPE, LLDPE, PVC and reinforced polypropylene using product data, chemical exposure, deformation, installation details and project requirements.
H2S Removal with Oxygen Injection: Eliminating Scrubber Costs
H2S removal with oxygen injection replaces costly chemical scrubbers, achieving high removal rates by leveraging natural biological processes in biogas.
HDPE Welding Techniques: Fusion Methods and Quality Control
HDPE welding is the most critical phase of any liner job, since most seam failures start here. This guide covers fusion methods and QA testing protocols.
Lagoon Liner Repair & Replacement: When to Fix vs Replace
Knowing when to repair a lagoon liner versus replace the whole system guides smart decisions, and this guide covers failure signs and decision criteria.
Complete Guide to Geosynthetic Liner Installation
A technical guide to geosynthetic liner installation, covering material selection, site preparation, welding procedures, QA testing, and anchor trenching.
Food Processing Wastewater Treatment with Covered Lagoon Digesters
Food processing wastewater treatment with covered lagoon digesters delivers strong BOD reduction while capturing biogas and reducing odor complaints.
Water Reservoir Liner Installation: Design and Construction Guide
Water reservoir liner installation supports irrigation, municipal supply, and fire suppression, and this guide covers design through final leak testing.
HDPE Liner Installation: Step-by-Step Process Guide
HDPE liner installation is a precision operation where technique determines system life, from subgrade prep through welding to final QA testing.
Double-Lined Containment Systems: When and Why You Need Them
Double-lined containment systems with leak detection give the highest environmental protection, and this guide covers when and why they are required.
Covered Lagoon Digester Sizing: How to Determine the Right System
Covered lagoon digester sizing determines reliable biogas yields, covering hydraulic retention time, organic loading rate, volume, and climate factors.
Mining Heap Leach Pad Liners: HDPE Installation for Mineral Extraction
Heap leach pad liners must withstand extreme loads and aggressive chemistry, and this guide covers HDPE design, material selection, and installation.
Municipal Lagoon Rehabilitation: Liner Replacement and System Upgrades
Municipal lagoon rehabilitation extends aging wastewater systems for decades, and this guide covers identifying failures, planning projects, and upgrades.
Floating Cover Systems: Applications, Materials, and Design Considerations
Floating cover systems handle odor control, biogas collection, evaporation, and compliance, and this overview covers materials and design approaches.
Industrial Wastewater Lagoon Design: Engineering Principles
Industrial wastewater lagoons must handle chemical environments, loading rates, and regulatory requirements that far exceed residential or agricultural systems.
Mining Tailings Containment: Geosynthetic Liner Solutions for Heap Leach and TSFs
Mining tailings containment demands liners built for harsh chemistry and huge volumes, covering heap leach pads, tailings storage, and process ponds.
How Anaerobic Digestion Works: The Complete Science Guide
Anaerobic digestion drives every biogas system through four microbial stages: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis.
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